驱避色防治平菇蚊、蝇类害虫的效果评价

为探讨运用驱避色防治平菇Pleurotus ostreatus蚊、蝇类害虫的可行性，本研究基于一种对平菇双翅目害虫具明显驱避作用的浅灰色（RGB=169, 169, 169）用于设计菌袋、地膜和棚膜，以评估这种驱避色赋能平菇配套栽培设施（菌袋、地膜和棚膜）对平菇蚊、蝇类害虫的驱避效果和增产作用。采用正交设计各影响因子处理组合进行田间小区试验，研究不同菌袋、地膜、棚膜颜色对害虫驱避率及平菇增产率的影响，筛选出最优组合，应用于生产实际。结果表明，驱避色菌袋+驱避色地膜+透明棚膜的处理组合的害虫驱避率和增产率均最高，与对照组相比，驱避率增加了45.63%，第1、2、3潮菇产量和总产量分别增加了11.29%，2.55%，8.82%和7.74%。通过多因素和差异显著性分析，菌袋颜色是影响害虫驱避率和增产率的主因子，与对照相比对害虫驱避率和前3潮菇增产率差异达到极显著水平。在平菇生产过程中，使用驱避色菌袋和地膜能有效控制平菇蚊、蝇类害虫的危害并提高产量，是一项值得推广的害虫防治措施。

Effect of repellant color on control mosquito and fly pestsin in Pleurotus ostreatus production

In order to evaluate the feasibility of using repellant color to control Pleurotus ostreatus mosquito and fly pests, a light grey color with RGB value was 169,169,169 which was used to control diptera pests in P. ostreatus production. To evaluate the control effect and growth rate of the repellant color to supporting cultivation facilities (fungi bags, ground films, and shed films) in P. ostreatus production. Using orthogonal design principle for impact factors of treatment combinations experiment with field plots, researching the different colors of fungi bags, ground films, and shed films for pest control effect and the influence of mushroom growth rate change rule, to single out the optimal combination and obtained the efficient application in mushroom mosquito and fly pests control. The results showed that the repellent color of fungi bag+the repellent color of ground film+the repellent color of shed film was the best combination that could obtain the best control effect and the highest yield. Compared with the control group, the control effect was increased by about 45.63%, the first, second, and third, and total productions were increased by 11.29%, 2.55%, 8.82%, and 7.74% respectively. Through the analysis of multiple factors and significant differences, the color of the fungi bag was the main factor affecting the control effect and growth rate, compared to the control which had a very significant effect on the control effect and the growth rate of the total. In the cultivation of P. ostreatus, the fungi bags, ground films, and shed films with repellant color used could effectively control the pests of oyster mushrooms and increase the yield without adding extra manpower and material resources, which was a control measure worthy of promotion.