Medicago sativa as a source of secondary metabolites for agriculture and pharmaceutical industry |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 7 Gagarina St., PL-87-100 Toruń, Poland;2. Department of Supercritical Extraction, New Chemical Syntheses Institute, Al. Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego, PL-24-110 Puławy, Poland;3. Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 1A Oczapowskiego St., PL-10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;1. Dipartmento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali (BiGeA), Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126, Bologna, Italy;2. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Hoejbakkegaard Alle 13, DK, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark;3. Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, DK-1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark;1. Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 15771, Greece;2. Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, USDA/ARS, National Center for Natural Products Research, University, MS, 38677, USA;1. Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Campus Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil;2. Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs, s/n, CEP 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil;3. Department of Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Campus Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil;4. Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str.2, D 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany;5. Health Science Center, Universidade Federal de Roraima, Av. Cap. Ene Garcez, CEP 69310-000, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil;1. Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity, Team: Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue of Environment, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia;2. Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorisation of Bioresources (LR11ES41), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia;1. Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland;2. SaponLabs Ltd, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland;3. Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, UTP University of Science and Technology, Bernardyńska 6/8, 85-029 Bydgoszcz, Poland;1. REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;2. IINFACTS – Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saude-Norte, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CESPU, Gandra-PRD, Portugal;3. INEB – Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal;4. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal |
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| Abstract: | Medicago sativa L. (lucerne or alfalfa) is a species which is generally regarded as a cheap source of valuable protein not only for animal fodder but also for nourishment provided in the poorest and developing countries. Moreover, this plant has a long tradition of use in folk medicine. Numerous studies indicate that besides protein, M. sativa synthesizes a variety of secondary metabolites. Among secondary metabolite classes produced by alfalfa, the saponins and flavonoids are of most interest and well characterized. In the current review, we have summarized their chemical structure and method of identification. The potential of alfalfa extracts in medicine and pharmacology has been highlighted. Furthermore, new ways of utilizing flavonoids as well as saponins in agriculture and horticulture are discussed. Collected data can be the starting point and inspiration for scientists of various specialties for future research on this plant. This review draws attention to the necessity of developing modern analytical tools for identification and quantification of individual M. sativa phytochemicals. |
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| Keywords: | Secondary metabolites Saponins Flavonoids Chromatographic techniques |
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