Msx-1 gene expression and regulation in embryonic palatal tissue |
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Authors: | Paul Nugent Robert M Greene |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biological and Biophysical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, 501 South Preston Street, 40292 Louisville, Kentucky |
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Abstract: | Summary The palatal cleft seen in Msx-1 knock-out mice suggests a role for this gene in normal palate development. The cleft is presumed
secondary to tooth and jaw malformations, since in situ hybridization suggests that Msx-1 mRNA is not highly expressed in developing palatal tissue. In this study we demonstrate,
by Northern blot analysis, the expression of Msx-1, but not Msx-2, in the developing palate and in primary cultures of murine
embryonic palate mesenchymal cells. Furthermore, we propose a role for Msx-1 in retinoic acid-induced cleft palate, since
retinoic acid inhibits Msx-1 mRNA expression in palate mesenchymal cells. We also demonstrate that transforming growth factor
beta inhibits Msx-1 mRNA expression in palate mesenchymal cells, with retinoic acid and transforming growth factor beta acting
synergistically when added simultaneously to these cells. These data suggest a mechanistic interaction between retinoic acid,
transforming growth factor beta, and Msx-1 in the etiology of retinoic acid-induced cleft palate. |
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Keywords: | Msx genes RA TGF-β embryo palate |
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