The GS-X Pump in Plant, Yeast, and Animal Cells: Structure, Function, and Gene Expression |
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Authors: | Toshihisa Ishikawa Ze-Sheng Li Yu-Ping Lu Philip A Rea |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Medicinal Biology, Central Research, Pfizer Inc., 5-2 Taketoyo, Aichi, 470-23, Japan;(2) Plant Science Institute, Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104-6018 |
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Abstract: | This review addresses the recent molecular identification of several members of the glutathione S-conjugate (GS-X) pump family, a new class of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters responsible for the elimination and/or sequestration of pharmacologically and agronomically important compounds in mammalian, yeast and plant cells. The molecular structure and function of GS-X pumps encoded by MRP, cMOAT, YCF1. and AtMRP genes, have been conserved throughout molecular evolution. The physiologic function of GS-X pumps is closely related with cellular detoxification, oxidative stress, inflammation, and cancer drug resistance. Coordinated expression of GS-X pump genes, e.g., MRP1 and YCF1, and -glutamylcystaine synthetase, a rate-limiting enzyme of cellular glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis, has been frequently observed. |
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Keywords: | ABC-transporter GS-X pump multidrug resistance associated protein (MRP) canalicular membrane multispecific organic anion transporter (cMOAT) yeast cadmium factor 1 (YCF1) -glutamylcystaine synthetase" target="_blank">gif" alt="gamma" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0">-glutamylcystaine synthetase glutathione |
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