Liposome polymerase chain reaction assay for the sub-attomolar detection of cholera toxin and botulinum neurotoxin type A |
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Authors: | Mason Jeffrey T Xu Lixin Sheng Zong-mei He Junkun O'Leary Timothy J |
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Institution: | Department of Biophysics, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 1413 Research Boulevard, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA. mason@afip.osd.mil |
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Abstract: | We describe an ultrasensitive immunoassay for detecting biotoxins that uses a liposome with encapsulated DNA reporters, and ganglioside receptors embedded in the bilayer, as the detection reagent. After immobilization of the target biotoxin by a capture antibody and co-binding of the detection reagent, the liposomes are ruptured to release the reporters, which are quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The new assays for cholera and botulinum toxins are several orders of magnitude more sensitive than current detection methods. A single 96-well microtiter plate can analyze approximately 20 specimens, including calibration standards and controls, with all measurements conducted in triplicate. Using pre-coated and blocked microtiter plates, and pre-prepared liposome reagents, a liposome polymerase chain reaction assay can be carried out in about 6 h. |
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