Microglia: Housekeeper of the Central Nervous System |
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| Authors: | John Alimamy Kabba Yazhou Xu Handson Christian Wenchen Ruan Kitchen Chenai Yun Xiang Luyong Zhang Juan M Saavedra Tao Pang |
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| Institution: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals,China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing,People’s Republic of China;2.Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy,China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing,People’s Republic of China;3.School of Pharmacy,China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing,People’s Republic of China;4.Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital, Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science & Technology,Wuhan,People’s Republic of China;5.Department of Pharmacology and Physiology,Georgetown University Medical Center,Washington DC,USA |
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| Abstract: | Microglia, of myeloid origin, play fundamental roles in the control of immune responses and the maintenance of central nervous system homeostasis. These cells, just like peripheral macrophages, may be activated into M1 pro-inflammatory or M2 anti-inflammatory phenotypes by appropriate stimuli. Microglia do not respond in isolation, but form part of complex networks of cells influencing each other. This review addresses the complex interaction of microglia with each cell type in the brain: neurons, astrocytes, cerebrovascular endothelial cells, and oligodendrocytes. We also highlight the participation of microglia in the maintenance of homeostasis in the brain, and their roles in the development and progression of age-related neurodegenerative disorders. |
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