Structure-activity relationships of sparsomycin: modification at the hydroxyl group

Ten analogues of the antibiotic sparsomycin were prepared and evaluated in several in vitro tests. Nine of them carry a modification at the hydroxymethylene group of the molecule, two have a disulfide bond instead of the S(O)-CH2-S moiety at the sulfur-containing side chain of the molecule. While the presence of the S-S group decreases the activity of the analogues in all the tests performed, the modification at the OH group has no deleterious effects on the activity when a polyphenylalanine synthesis assay is used in an Escherichia coli extract. The same modifications, however, diminish drastically the activity of the analogues when tested in a similar Saccharomyces cerevisiae extract. A polymerization system in the archaebacterium Halobacterium halobium extract behaves like the eukaryotic preparations. A discrepancy is also found between the results of the polymerization tests and those of the 'puromycin reaction' which is also less sensitive to the modified sparsomycin analogues. The results of cell growth inhibition tests in bacteria as well as in eukaryotic organisms agree only partially with the in vitro data.