Diversity,ecological role and potential biotechnological applications of marine fungi associated to the seagrass Posidonia oceanica |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Microrganismos Aquáticos, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil;2. Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Biocatálise, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. João Dagnone, 1100, Ed. Química Ambiental, J. Santa Angelina, São Carlos 13563-120, SP, Brazil;3. Departamento de Medicina, Disciplina de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Napoleão de Barros, 590, São Paulo 04024-062, SP, Brazil;4. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Divisão de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. São Nicolau, 210, Diadema 09913-030, SP, Brazil;1. Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;2. Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt;3. Marine Biodiscovery Centre, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK;1. Back To Nature Design, 121 NW 79th Street, Seattle, WA 98117, USA;2. Department of Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 33688, USA;3. Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India;4. School of Biological Sciences F07, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006 Australia;1. Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University Geelong, Burwood Campus, 3125, Victoria, Australia;2. School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Victoria, Australia;3. Victorian Marine Science Consortium, Queenscliff, 3225, Victoria, Australia;4. School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, New South Wales, Australia;5. EnviroDNA,293 Royal Parade Parkville, Victoria, 3052 Australia;1. Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy;2. Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, viale P.A. Mattioli 25, I-10125 Turin, Italy |
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| Abstract: | The marine environment is characterized by high salinity and exerts a strong selective pressure on the biota, favouring the development of halo-tolerant microorganisms. Part of this microbial diversity is made up of fungi, important organisms from ecological and biotechnological points of view. In this study, for the first time, the qualitative and quantitative composition of the mycoflora associated to leaves, rhizomes, roots and matte of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica was estimated. A total of 88 fungal taxa, mainly belonging to Ascomycota, were identified by morphological and molecular methods. The most represented genera were Penicillium, Cladosporium and Acremonium. Most of the species (70) were selectively associated with one district; only two species (Penicillium chrysogenum var. chrysogenum and P. janczewskii) were isolated from all the districts. Moreover the capability to produce laccases, peroxidases and tannases by 107 fungal isolated by the different districts of P. oceanica was carried out. These results show that the mycoflora associated to P. oceanica is very rich and characterized by fungi able to produce ligninolytic enzymes and tannases useful to degrade and detoxify lignocellulose residues in presence of high salt concentrations. These fungi, hence, may play important ecological roles in marine environments but can also be very useful in different biotechnological areas. |
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