丁香属植物的地理分布及其起源演化

木犀科丁香属植物主要分布在中国、朝鲜、日本以及欧洲东南部。中国是丁香属的自然分布中心,丁香主要分布在中国西南、西北、华北、东北等地区。根据植物区系的演化规律,作者认为丁香属起源于中国西南,并以此为中心主要沿中国西南-西北-华北-东北-朝鲜半岛-日本和中国西南-中亚-欧洲的路径散布。近缘种之间存在着遥远的地理隔离,中国原产的华丁香与分布在我国西北及中亚的花叶丁香、欧洲特有种欧洲丁香均为近缘种,表明欧洲丁香的散布与中国西北的种类有着密切的联系。近年分子生物学试验表明羽叶性状是演化中的过渡类型,在研究该属系统演化中具有重要作用。化石记录华北紫丁香在中新世时的华中地区已有存在,说明该属至少在中新世时完成了由西南向华中的演化、辐射。

The distribution, origin and evolution of Syringa

Syringa was distributed in China, North Korea, Japan and Southeast Europe. China was the distribution center for Syringa. The species were distributed in Southwest, Northwest, North and Northeast China. The hypotheses on some distribution patterns were suggested in this paper based on the flora evolution studies. Syringa originated in Southwest China, and the migration routes were: Southwest-Northwest-North -Northeast China-Korea peninsula-Japan, Southwest China-Central Asia-Europe. There was a remote disjunct distribution for sister species. S. protolaciniata, which was originated in Northwest China, had a close relation with S. xpersica (distributed in Northwest China and Central Asia)and S. vulgaris(only live in Southeast Europe). It meant there existed some close links in the evolution of species. S.pinnatifolia with pinnated leaves was an intermediate species, which had an important role in the evolution study of this genus. Fossil record showed that S. oblata had been distributed in the center of China in Miocene. It was obvious that the evolution and migration from Southwest to Central China had been finished before Miocene.