Effects of acute cigarette smoke concentrate exposure on mitochondrial energy transfer in fast- and slow-twitch skeletal muscle |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA;2. Institute for Applied Life Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA;3. Department of Psychology and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA;1. Department of Life and Coordination-Complex Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, 38 Nishigo-Naka, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan;2. Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;3. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;4. Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan;1. Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA;2. Center for Solar Energy and Energy Storage, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA;3. Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA;1. Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, United States;2. Photon Sciences Directorate, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, United States |
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| Abstract: | The mechanisms underlying cigarette smoke-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle are still poorly understood. Accordingly, this study aimed to examine the effects of cigarette smoke on mitochondrial energy transfer in permeabilized muscle fibers from skeletal muscles with differing metabolic characteristics. The electron transport chain (ETC) capacity, ADP transport, and respiratory control by ADP were assessed in fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibers from C57BL/6 mice (n = 11) acutely exposed to cigarette smoke concentrate (CSC) using high-resolution respirometry. CSC decreased complex I-driven respiration in the white gastrocnemius (CONTROL:45.4 ± 11.2 pmolO2.s−1.mg−1 and CSC:27.5 ± 12.0 pmolO2.s−1.mg−1; p = 0.01) and soleus (CONTROL:63.0 ± 23.8 pmolO2.s−1.mg−1 and CSC:44.6 ± 11.1 pmolO2.s−1.mg−1; p = 0.04). In contrast, the effect of CSC on Complex II-linked respiration increased its relative contribution to muscle respiratory capacity in the white gastrocnemius muscle. The maximal respiratory activity of the ETC was significantly inhibited by CSC in both muscles. Furthermore, the respiration rate dependent on the ADP/ATP transport across the mitochondrial membrane was significantly impaired by CSC in the white gastrocnemius (CONTROL:-70 ± 18 %; CSC:-28 ± 10 %; p < 0.001), but not the soleus (CONTROL:47 ± 16 %; CSC:31 ± 7 %; p = 0.08). CSC also significantly impaired mitochondrial thermodynamic coupling in both muscles. Our findings underscore that acute CSC exposure directly inhibits oxidative phosphorylation in permeabilized muscle fibers. This effect was mediated by significant perturbations of the electron transfer in the respiratory complexes, especially at complex I, in both fast and slow twitch muscles. In contrast, CSC-induced inhibition of the exchange of ADP/ATP across the mitochondrial membrane was fiber-type specific, with a large effect on fast-twitch muscles. |
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