Analysis of complete mitochondrial DNA sequences of three members of the Montastraea annularis coral species complex (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Scleractinia) |
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Authors: | Hironobu Fukami Nancy Knowlton |
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Institution: | (1) Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0202, USA;(2) Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa Ancon Box 2072, , Republic of Panama;(3) Present address: Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Shirahama, Wakayama 649-2211, Japan |
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Abstract: | Complete mitochondrial nucleotide sequences of two individuals each of Montastraea annularis, Montastraea faveolata, and Montastraea franksi were determined. Gene composition and order differed substantially from the sea anemone Metridium senile, but were identical to that of the phylogenetically distant coral genus Acropora. However, characteristics of the non-coding regions differed between the two scleractinian genera. Among members of the M. annularis complex, only 25 of 16,134 base pair positions were variable. Sixteen of these occurred in one colony of M. franksi, which (together with additional data) indicates the existence of multiple divergent mitochondrial lineages in this species.
Overall, rates of evolution for these mitochondrial genomes were extremely slow (0.03–0.04% per million years based on the
fossil record of the M. annularis complex). At higher taxonomic levels, patterns of genetic divergence and synonymous/nonsynonymous substitutions suggest non-neutral
and unequal rates of evolution between the two lineages to which Montastraea and Acropora belong. |
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Keywords: | Montastraea Species complex Coral Mitochondrion Cnidaria |
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