Phosphorus Acquisition Strategies within Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Community of a Single Field Site |
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Authors: | Jan Jansa Ahmad Mozafar Emmanuel Frossard |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Plant Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Eschikon 33, CH-8315 Lindau, Switzerland |
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Abstract: | Diversity in phosphorus (P) acquisition strategies was assessed among eight isolates of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)
belonging to three Glomus species, all obtained from the same field site. Maize (Zea mays L. cv. Corso) was used as a test plant. Compartmented cultivation containers coupled with 33P radioisotope labeling of soil P were employed to estimate (1) the distance from the roots that AMF were able to acquire
soil P from, (2) the rate of soil colonization, (3) the efficiency of uptake of soil P by AMF, (4) benefits provided to maize
in terms of P acquisition and growth. Glomus mosseae and G. intraradices took up P 10 cm from roots, whereas G. claroideum only up to 6 cm from the roots. G. mosseae most rapidly colonized the available soil volume and transported significant amounts of P to maize from a distance, but provided
no net P uptake benefit to the plants. On the other hand, both G. intraradices and three out of four G. claroideum isolates significantly improved net P uptake by maize. These effects seem to be related to variability between and to a limited
extent also within AMF species, in mycelium development, efficiency of hyphal P uptake and effects on plant P acquisition
via the root pathway. In spite of absence of maize growth responses to inoculation with any of the AMF isolates, this study
indicates remarkable functional diversity in the underground component of the studied field site. |
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Keywords: | compartmented containers functional diversity Glomus radioisotope labeling |
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