磷酸化病毒蛋白的生物学功能及形成机制

磷酸化是病毒蛋白常见的一种翻译后修饰，在调控病毒与宿主的代谢中起重要作用。生物体内的代谢活动与细胞内的信号转导密切相关，通过磷酸化和去磷酸化修饰可改变蛋白生物活性，从而调控胞内生物信号的传递。磷酸化修饰的病毒蛋白参与调控病毒复制、病毒增殖和病毒粒子装配等一系列病毒的代谢活动，同时也影响宿主细胞内的信号转导，抑制宿主基因组复制和表达。本文就病毒蛋白的磷酸化修饰位点、其生物学功能及磷酸化修饰的分子机制进行综述，为病毒感染性疾病的防控治疗及药物开发提供参考。

Biological function and formation mechanism of phosphorylated viral protein

Phosphorylation is one of the most common post-translational modifications of viral proteins, which plays important roles in viral life cycle. The dynamic activities of viral proteins can be regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, which affect the cellular signal transduction for regulating some metabolism. Additionally, phosphorylation of viral proteins is involved in regulation of a series of viral metabolism, such as DNA replication, viral proliferation, assembly of virion and so on. Meanwhile, the phosphorylation of viral proteins has an effect on cellular signal transduction of hosts to inhibit DNA replication and gene expression of hosts. The phosphorylation sites, biological function and the molecular mechanism of its formation of various viral proteins were summarized in this review, which is helpful for controlling viral spread and development of new drug.