中国森林大型真菌重要类群多样性和系统学研究

大型真菌主要为担子菌门的真菌和少数为子囊菌门的真菌,该类真菌具有重要的经济价值和生态功能,主要生长在森林生态系统中.30年来作者对我国几乎所有类型森林生态中的大型真菌进行了系统调查和采集,共采集标本11.2万号.基于对这些材料的形态学及分子系统学研究,并结合生态学和生物地理学特征,共鉴定出中国森林大型真菌4 250种,...

Diversity and systematics of the important macrofungi in Chinese forests

Macrofungi, as an important component in forest ecosystems, consist of most members of Basidiomycota and some members of Ascomycota, having important economical value and ecological functions. Extensive field investigations have been carried out in almost whole types of the Chinese forests during the past 30 years, and 112 000 specimens were collected. Based on morphological examination and phylogenetic analyses in combination with ecology and biogeography, 4 250 species belonging to 21 orders in Baidiomycota and Ascomycota were identified, including two new families, four new subfamilies, 69 new genera and 885 new species. Yunnan Province is the richest in macrofungal diversity among provinces or regions in China, and 314 new species were described from this province, accounting for 35% of all the new species described from China by the authors. Our studies have made contributions to deepening the understanding of global diversity of macrofungi. The names of some important Chinese medicinal fungi were revised, the diversity characteristics of Chinese poisonous mushrooms were revealed, and the pathogenetic wood-decaying species were ascertained. These data improved our knowledge on utilization of natural resources and protection of forest health. Based on molecular evidences, the origin of some forest representative fungal genera or species complex were deduced, and their dispersal and speciation were discussed, for the purposes of providing some data for evolutionary study at level of family, order or class of macrofungi henceforth.