宝天曼国家级自然保护区三种林型土壤的亮孢黏菌多样性

黏菌是土壤原生生物的重要组成部分,但其群落组成与多样性格局信息目前还不全面。本研究采用18S rRNA基因高通量测序的方法,研究了宝天曼自然保护区内落叶阔叶林、针叶林和针阔混交林土壤中的亮孢黏菌多样性,并通过多元统计方法分析了其群落结构与土壤环境因子之间的关系。结果表明,30份土壤样品中共获得26个亮孢黏菌的可操作分类单元（OTUs）,隶属团毛菌目Trichiales下的7个属。4个OTUs可注释到种,分别为球圆团网菌Arcyria globosa、蛇形半网菌Hemitrichia serpula、刺丝团毛菌Trichia scabra和高山团毛菌Trichia alpina。亮孢黏菌群落α多样性在不同林型间有显著差异,其中在针叶林最高,落叶阔叶林最低。不同林型土壤的亮孢黏菌群落结构也显著不同,冗余分析显示,不同林型间黏菌群落结构差异与土壤含水量、碳氮比、有效钾和有机碳显著相关,但总体土壤环境因子对群落结构差异的解释量有限,占比10.18%。本研究丰富了土壤黏菌多样性信息和生态分布理论。

Diversity of bright-spored myxomycetes in soil of three forest types in Baotianman National Nature Reserve,Central China

Myxomycete is an important component of soil protist, but comprehensive information on its community composition and diversity pattern is lacking. In present study, soil samples were collected from deciduous broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest, and mixed forest in Baotianman Nature Reserve and the diversity of bright-spored myxomycetes in the soil was studied by using 18 S high-throughput sequencing. In addition, the relationships between myxomycete community structure and soil environmental factors were analyzed by multivariate statistics. In total, 26 OTUs were obtained from 30 soil samples, belonging to seven genera of Trichiales. Four OTUs could be further annotated at species level and identified as Arcyria globosa, Hemitrichia serpula, Trichia scabra, and Trichia alpina. The α diversity of bright-spored myxomycete communities were significantly different between different forest types, and the highest diversity indices were observed in coniferous forest and the lowest in deciduous broad-leaved forest. The community structure in different forest types also differed significantly. Redundancy analysis showed that the bright-spored communities were related to soil water content, C:N ratio, available K and organic carbon. However, the total soil environmental factors could only explain 10.18% of the variations in community composition.