不同产地杜仲树皮可培养内生真菌群落组成和多样性

以湖南、四川、贵州、河南、安徽、江西和陕西7个产地的杜仲Eucommia ulmoides为研究对象,采用可培养法对树皮内生真菌进行分离培养,结合形态学和分子生物学进行鉴定,并分析不同产地杜仲内生真菌群落组成和多样性差异。结果表明,不同产地杜仲树皮中共分离到真菌545株,隶属于7纲、15目、27科、43属,其中间座壳属Diaporthe为7个产地的共有属,各地优势属不同。在属水平上,四川样本中真菌群落多样性最高,河南样本真菌群落多样性最低。Margalef丰富度指数及Pielou均匀度指数表明,在河南样本中的内生真菌分布最均匀,丰富度最低;贵州样本内生真菌丰富度最高,但最不均匀。相似性分析显示不同产地杜仲树皮内生真菌组成和多样性不同。这些结果揭示了杜仲树皮中内生真菌菌群具有丰富的多样性,7个不同产地的杜仲树皮内生真菌群落组成、相对多度及优势类群皆存在差异。

Community composition and diversity of culturable endophytic fungi in bark of Eucommia ulmoides from different regions of China

Eucommia ulmoides bark was collected from seven producing regions, Hunan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Henan, Anhui, Jiangxi and Shaanxi, and endophytic fungi from bark were isolated and cultured, and identified by morphology and molecular biology. The community composition and diversity of endophytic fungi were analyzed. In total, 545 fungal strains were obtained, belonging to 7 classes, 15 orders, 27 families and 43 genera. Diaporthe was common genus to the seven producing regions, while dominant genus in different regions was distinctive. Diversity index analysis showed that the fungal community diversity in samples from Sichuan was the highest, and in samples from Henan was the lowest at the genus level. Margalef richness index and Pielou evenness index showed that the endophytic fungi in samples from Henan seemed uniform in distribution and the lowest in richness. Endophytic fungi in samples from Guizhou showed the highest level in richness, but uneven in distribution. Similarity analysis showed that the endophytic fungi in E. ulmoides bark from the seven different regions were rich in diversity, but different in composition, relative abundance and dominant groups.