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雪腐核盘菌菌核的萌发条件与致死温度
引用本文:王聪浩,商文静,陈荣信,胡小平. 雪腐核盘菌菌核的萌发条件与致死温度[J]. 菌物学报, 2021, 40(8): 1980-1990. DOI: 10.13346/j.mycosystema.210086
作者姓名:王聪浩  商文静  陈荣信  胡小平
作者单位:1.西北农林科技大学植物保护学院 旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室 陕西 杨凌 7121002.陕西省留坝县农业技术推广中心 陕西 留坝 724100
基金项目:陕西省农业科技创新转化项目-省级农业专项资金项目(NYKJ-2019-YL27);陕西省技术创新引导专项(2020QFY-06);秦巴生物资源与生态环境省部共建国家重点实验室开放基金(SLGPT2019KF04-03)
摘    要:菌核是核盘菌Sclerotinia spp.在土壤中的主要存活形式和菌核病的主要初侵染源,在土壤中可存活8年以上,其数量和存活状况直接影响着菌核病的发生和危害程度.本研究以雪腐核盘菌Sclerotinia nivalis菌株SS-TB为材料,分析了菌核萌发的影响因素、致死温度以及土壤温度对菌核存活的影响.结果 表明,未...

关 键 词:西洋参菌核病  萌发因素  存活率  高温处理
收稿时间:2021-03-02

Germination condition and lethal temperature for sclerotia of Sclerotinia nivalis (Ascomycota,Helotiales)
WANG Cong-Hao,SHANG Wen-Jing,CHEN Rong-Xin,HU Xiao-Ping. Germination condition and lethal temperature for sclerotia of Sclerotinia nivalis (Ascomycota,Helotiales)[J]. Mycosystema, 2021, 40(8): 1980-1990. DOI: 10.13346/j.mycosystema.210086
Authors:WANG Cong-Hao  SHANG Wen-Jing  CHEN Rong-Xin  HU Xiao-Ping
Affiliation:1. State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China2. Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Liuba County, Liuba, Shaanxi 724100, China
Abstract:The sclerotia of Sclerotinia nivalis are the main survival structure in the soil and primary inoculum for Sclerotinia rot, which remain viably for up to eight years. Therefore, the occurrence and severity of Sclerotinia rot are determined by the number and survival status of the sclerotia in the soil. The optimal germination condition, lethal temperature, and survival status affected by soil temperature for sclerotia of S. nivalis strain SS-TB were determined. Our results showed that the immature sclerotia germinated faster than mature sclerotia. The optimal temperature, pH, and soil moisture for sclerotial germination was 20-25°C, pH 3.0-4.0, and 20%-45%, respectively. Long-term soak in water was unfavorable to the survival of sclerotia. The survival rate of sclerotia significantly decreased since soaking in water for 30d, and the sclerotia completely lost vitality after soaking for 47d. The sclerotia have strong tolerance to high temperature. The germination rate of sclerotia decreased with the increase of treatment time under high temperatures. The sclerotia were completely dead under 85°C in 5min, 80°C in 10min, 75°C in 10min, 70°C in 30min, 65°C in 120min and 60°C in 180min. The sclerotia completely lost vitality under soil temperature treatments of 30-35°C for 5 weeks and 40-45°C for 4 weeks. These results provide reference for disease control and management of Sclerotinia rot of Panax quinquefolius through paddy-upland crop rotation and soil high temperature sterilization.
Keywords:Sclerotinia rot of American ginseng  germination factors  survival rate  high-temperature treatment  
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