粤西海域浮游植物群落结构特征的多元分析与评价

根据1998-1999年对粤西海域浮游植物的周年调查资料，本文采用主成分分析和聚类分析等多元统计分析方法研究该海域浮游植物的主要种类组成和群落结构的基本特征。研究结果表明，中肋骨条藻（Skeletonema costatum）、伏氏海毛藻（Thalassiothrix fauenfeldii）、小舟形藻（Navicula subminuscula）、颤藻（Oscillatoria sp．）、菱形海线藻（Thalassionema nitzschioides）、细弱海链藻（Thalassiosira subtilis）、齿角毛藻（Chaetoceros denticulatus）、北方劳德藻（Lauderia borealis）、中华盒形藻（Biddulphia sinensis）、纺锤角藻（Ceratium fusus）、翼根管藻（Rhizosolenia alata）、斯氏根管藻（Rhizosolenia stolterforthii）、短角弯角藻（Eucampia zoodiacu）、笔尖形根管藻（Rhizosolenia styliformis）、拟弯角毛藻（Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus）等种类构成了粤西海域浮游植物的主体。春季、夏季和秋季该海域浮游植物可明显划分为近岸类群和近外海类群2个群落，冬季群落结构分化不显著，不形成明显的类群。各主要种类的季节演替现象十分明显。

Multivariate Analysis and Evaluation on the Community Structure of Phytoplankton in West Guangdong Waters

According to the survey data of phytoplankton in spring,summer,autumn and winter from 1998 to 1999 in the West Guangdong Waters,the main species composition and the characteristic of the community structure of phytoplankton in the waters was studied based on the method of multivariate analysis such as the principal components analysis and the hierarchical cluster analysis. Altogether 267 species of phytoplankton were identified in the survey,which ascribed to 5 phyla of Bacillariophyta,Pyrrophyta,Cyanophyta,Chlorophyta and Chrysophyta.Bacillariophyta was the most with the species of 182(68.2%),and followed by Pyrrophyta with the species of 75(28.1%). In the principal components analysis,3 principal components were picked up with the accumulated contribution rate up to 100%.The result showed that the species,such as Skeletonema costatum,Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii,Navicula subminuscula,Oscillatoria sp.,Thalassionema nitzschioides,Thalassiosira subtilis,Chaetoceros denticulatus,Lauderia borealis,Biddulphia sinensis,Ceratium fusus,Rhizosolenia alata,Rhizosolenia stolterforthii,Eucampia zoodiacus,Rhizosolenia styliformis and Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus,composed of the principal components of phytoplankton in the waters. Using the hierarchical cluster analysis,the species of phytoplankton in the waters were divided into 2 community groups in 3 seasons of spring,summer and autumn,one was the inshore group and the other was the offshore group.While in winter the differentiation of community group was unobvious. The seasonal successions of the various main species were quite obvious.Skeletonema costatum,Navicula subminuscula,Thalassionema nitzschioides and Thalassiosira subtilis dominated the species in quantity in spring,summer,autumn and winter,respectively.While the fresh water species,Oscillatoria sp.,was also identified with a large amount in summer.