Explaining variability in the production of seed and allergenic pollen by invasive <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ambrosia artemisiifolia</Emphasis> across Europe |
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Authors: | Suzanne T E Lommen Caspar A Hallmann Eelke Jongejans Bruno Chauvel Melinda Leitsch-Vitalos Alla Aleksanyan Peter Tóth Cristina Preda Maja ??epanovi? Huseyin Onen Barbara Tokarska-Guzik Paulina Anastasiu Zita Dorner Annamária Fenesi Gerhard Karrer Katalin Nagy Gyula Pinke Viktor Tiborcz Gergely Zagyvai Mihály Zalai Gabriella Kazinczi Robert Leskov?ek Danijela Ste?evi? Guillaume Fried Levani Kalatozishvili Andreas Lemke Heinz Müller-Schärer |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Biology,University of Fribourg,Fribourg,Switzerland;2.Institute for Water and Wetland Research,Radboud University,Nijmegen,The Netherlands;3.Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA,Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté,Dijon,France;4.Institute of Botany,University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences,Vienna,Austria;5.Department of Geobotany and Eco-physiology, Institute of Botany,National Academy of Sciences of Armenia,Yerevan,Armenia;6.Department of Plant Protection,Slovak University of Agriculture,Nitra,Slovakia;7.Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences,Ovidius University of Constanta,Constanta,Romania;8.Faculty of Agriculture,University of Zagreb,Zagreb,Croatia;9.Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture,Gaziosmanpasa University,Tokat,Turkey;10.Department of Botany and Nature Protection, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection,University of Silesia in Katowice,Katowice,Poland;11.Department of Botany and Microbiology & Botanic Garden “D. Brandza”,University of Bucharest,Bucharest,Romania;12.Plant Protection Institute,Szent István University,G?d?ll?,Hungary;13.Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology,Babe?-Bolyai University,Cluj-Napoca,Romania;14.Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences,Széchenyi István University,Mosonmagyaróvár,Hungary;15.Institute of Botany and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Forestry,University of West Hungary,Sopron,Hungary;16.Institute of Plant Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences,Kaposvár University,Kaposvár,Hungary;17.Agricultural Institute of Slovenia,Ljubljana,Slovenia;18.Biology Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics,University of Montenegro,Podgorica,Montenegro;19.Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Unité entomologie et plantes invasives,Anses,Monferrier-sur-Lez,France;20.Institute of Botany,Ilia State University,Tbilisi,Georgia;21.Department of Ecology, Chair of Plant Ecology and Ecosystem Science,Technische Universit?t Berlin,Berlin,Germany |
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Abstract: | To better manage invasive populations, it is vital to understand the environmental drivers underlying spatial variation in demographic performance of invasive individuals and populations. The invasive common ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, has severe adverse effects on agriculture and human health, due to its vast production of seeds and allergenic pollen. Here, we identify the scale and nature of environmental factors driving individual performance of A. artemisiifolia, and assess their relative importance. We studied 39 populations across the European continent, covering different climatic and habitat conditions. We found that plant size is the most important determinant in variation of per-capita seed and pollen production. Using plant volume as a measure of individual performance, we found that the local environment (i.e. the site) is far more influential for plant volume (explaining 25% of all spatial variation) than geographic position (regional level; 8%) or the neighbouring vegetation (at the plot level; 4%). An overall model including environmental factors at all scales performed better (27%), including the weather (bigger plants in warm and wet conditions), soil type (smaller plants on soils with more sand), and highlighting the negative effects of altitude, neighbouring vegetation and bare soil. Pollen and seed densities varied more than 200-fold between sites, with highest estimates in Croatia, Romania and Hungary. Pollen densities were highest on arable fields, while highest seed densities were found along infrastructure, both significantly higher than on ruderal sites. We discuss implications of these findings for the spatial scale of management interventions against A. artemisiifolia. |
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