榕树(Ficus)在中国的分布及其在协同进化研究上的意义

中国有丰富的榕属资源(共99种),世界上6个亚属的榕树在中国均有不同程度的分布。因此,中国榕属植物的资料对从大地理尺度研究种和种间协同进化具有重要的参考价值。介绍了榕树在世界的分布规律,着重阐述了榕树在中国的分布及中国榕树分布种的研究现状与存在的问题,探讨了中国榕树的花序特点、开花物候及在协同进化中的意义,指出了中国榕树资料在世界研究中的地位和作用。

Distribution of figs(Ficus) in China and its significance in the issues for interspecific co-evolution

Figs (Ficus) and their pollinators (Agaonidae) constitute fascinating extreme case of specialization in plant-insect interaction. About 750 species of Ficus occur worldwide in the tropics and subtropics, and are considered keystone species in tropical forests owing to their year-round bearing fruit. There are 99 species of Ficus in China, and most are dioecious (about 72%). They are mainly distributed in the Southwest and South of China. Generally dioecious figs have greater adaptive capacity than monoecious ones and can exist in higher seasonal environment. The distribution of fig trees in the world was presented in this paper, and then the distribution and research advance of fig species in China were elaborated,suggesting the importance of understanding of Ficus species occurred in China for the worldwide researches.