3种速生树种落叶水浸提液对走马胎幼苗生长的化感效应

林药复合种植的关键在于科学理解造林树种与药材之间是否具有增益效应，其中避免化感抑制是重要方面之一。本研究选择以民族药用植物—走马胎（Ardisia gigantifolia Stapf）为研究对象，探讨走马胎与3种速生树种尾叶桉（Eualyptus urophylla S.T.Blakely）、湿地松（Pinus elliottii Engelm.）和杉木（Cunninghamia lanceolata（Lamb.）Hook.）复合种植中存在的化感作用。结果显示：与对照组CK相比，桉树落叶水浸提液降低了走马胎株高至少2.59%，对走马胎幼苗的株高有显著性抑制作用（P<0.05），对走马胎幼苗的根长、地下部分干重以及生物量有极显著性抑制作用（P<0.01），且随着浓度的增高，抑制作用增强。湿地松落叶水浸提液对走马胎幼苗的株高、根长以及地上部分干重出现低浓度促进高浓度没有显著性影响的双浓度效应，而对走马胎幼苗的基径、地下部分干重以及生物量呈现低浓度促进高浓度抑制的双浓度效应；杉木落叶水浸提液对走马胎幼苗生长的影响呈现低浓度促进高浓度抑制的双浓度效应现象。综合各项指标得出：走马胎与桉树之间存在较强的负化感效应，而走马胎与湿地松或杉木之间存在“低促高抑”的化感效应；

Allelopathic Effects of Leaves Extracts on Growth of Three Fast-growing Tree Species on Ardisia gigantifolia Staf Seedlings

It is the key to understand scientifically the compound planting of forest medicine that whether there is gain effect between afforestation tree species and medicinal materials, among which, avoiding of allelopathic inhibition is one important aspect. Allelopathic effects of three fast-growing tree species on Ardisia gigantifolia Stapf were evaluated to discuss if A.gigantifolia was mixed with Eucalyptus urophylla S.T.Blakely, Pinus elliottii or Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.) Hook. Comparing with CK, the plant height of A.giantifolia was significantly lower under the treatments of 40, 60 and 80 g·L^-1(P<0.05), and the root length, dry weight underground and biomass were also strongly inhibited under all the treatments(P<0.01); With the increase of the extract concentration, the inhibition of E.urophylla was enhanced. The aqueous extraction of P.elliottii had a positive stimulatory effect on height, root length and dry aboveground weight of A.gigantifolia under treatment of the 20 and 40 g·L^-1, while the higher concentration had weak or negative effect. Besides, P.elliottii had a stimulatory effect on basal diameter, biomass and dry underground weight of A.gigantifolia under treatment of the lowest content, while the highest content had an inhibitory effect. For C.lanceolata the lowest content had a stimulatory effect, while the highest concentration showed significant inhibition. Taking all parameters into account, Eucalyptus could not be mixed with A.giantifolia, while P.elliottii or C.lanceolata may be an alternative intercropping plant species for A.giantifolia, because the growth of A.giantifolia was inhibited significantly by the allelochemicals released from the decomposing leaf litter of Eucalyptus, and the growth of A.giantifolia was stimulated under the lowest content of aqueous extraction from P.elliottii and C.lanceolata.