向日葵茎芯多糖的提取工艺优化及其体外抗肿瘤活性研究

研究了向日葵茎芯中主要活性物质多糖的提取工艺，并对此工艺进行了优化，选取的提取方法为水提醇沉法，以多糖含量作为指标，采用单因素试验研究了提取次数、原料颗粒的大小（目数）、料液比、提取时间、提取温度对向日葵茎芯多糖含量的影响。用苯酚-硫酸法测定提取液中多糖的含量，得出向日葵茎芯中多糖的最佳提取工艺条件为：提取次数2次，原料颗粒的大小（目数）60~80目，料液比（g·mL^-1）1：50，提取时间3.0 h，提取温度90℃，在最优提取条件下，多糖的提取得率为6.56%，多糖的含量为266.03 mg·g^-1。本文也对多糖的体外抗肿瘤活性进行了研究，结果表明向日葵茎芯多糖的体外抗肿瘤活性较弱。这些条件的确定为向日葵茎芯的深入研究奠定了基础。

Study of the Extraction Technology and Antitumor Activity in vitro of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides from the Wick of Helianthus annuus L.

The technology for extraction of polysaccharides from the wick of Helianthus annuus L., was studied to find the optimum conditions. The water extraction and alcohol precipitation method was used to extract the wick of H.annuus L. with the polysaccharide yield as index. The optimum conditions were obtained through single factor test with 5 factors including extraction time, mesh number, solid-liquid ratio, extract time and extract temperature. The content of polysaccharides was determined by phenol sulfuric acid method. In this study, the optimal conditions were obtained. These data were as follows:extraction time was twice, mesh number was 60-80, solid-liquid ratio(g·mL^-1) was 1:50, extract time was 3.0 h, and extract temperature was 90℃. The maximum extraction rate(6.56%) was achieved under the optimal extraction conditions. The maximum extraction yields of polysaccharides were up to 266.03 mg·g^-1 under the optimal extraction conditions. Polysaccharides exerted proliferation inhibitory activity to three tumor cell lines in a concentration dependent manner. All of these conditions set the foundation for large-sale development and application of the wick of H.annuus L..