紫花曼陀罗幼苗中紫色异细胞分布特征及其形态建成影响条件的初步研究

应用植物显微技术观察了幼苗期紫花曼陀罗（Datura stramonium L.var.tatula Torrey）中紫色异细胞的分布及不同温度与光照下培养的紫花曼陀罗幼苗茎中紫色异细胞的形态和分布差异。结果：（1）紫花曼陀罗中紫色异细胞分布在茎与叶地上器官中，根中则不存在。（2）强光和高温下培养的紫花曼陀罗幼苗茎中紫色异细胞的颜色明显加深、透明度下降，细胞间隙减小；而弱光和低温下其形态特征表现与上述相反。（3）强光处理下紫色异细胞横切面积、纵切长度以及数量均显著增加（P<0.05）；弱光下该异细胞横切面积、纵切长度均显著减少（P<0.05），但数量显著增加（P<0.05）。（4）高温处理下紫色异细胞横切面积、纵切长度以及数量均显著增加（P<0.05）；低温下该异细胞仅数量显著增加（P<0.05），其横切面积、纵切长度虽减小但变化差异性不显著（P<0.05）。结论：紫花曼陀罗中紫色异细胞的形态建成受光照和温度影响，曼陀罗（Datura stramonium L.）变种紫花曼陀罗（D.stramonium L.var.tatula Torrey）各营养器官中进化出紫色异细胞对其更好地适应光照和温度等生态环境变化有积极作用。

Preliminary Study on the Influence of environmental Conditions on Distribution characteristics and Morphogenesis of Purple Idioblasts in Datura stramonium L. var.tatula Torrey

Seedings of Datura stramonium L. var.tatula Torrey were grown under different light intensity(high light intensity, low light intensity)and different tempreture(high temperature, low temperature), and hand-sections were made to determin the influence that the two environmental conditions would have on the distribution characteristics and morphogenesis of purple idioblasts. The results showed that compare with the control group(normal condition), the color of purple idioblasts were observed deepened,and the transparency dropped and the gap between the idioblasts were smaller under high light intensity and high temperature, while the observations under other two low intensity conditions were on the contrary. In addition, the cross-section area, slitting length and quantity of the idioblast were significant increase under extreme high environmental conditions, however, under low light intensity, the results of the area and length were significant decrease, while the quantity was significant increase. But under low temperature,only the quantity of the idioblasts was significant increase, while other two indicators decreased but were not significant.