| Abstract: | Acetylcholine has been studied for its effect on respiration and oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria from the heart of a rat and guinea pig. Acetylcholine in doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg per 100 g of the body weight 5, 15 and 30 min after intraperitoneal injection intensifies the rate of phosphorylative respiration at ketoglutarate oxidation and moderately lowers it at succinate oxidation. Malonate increases the activating influence of acetylcholine on oxidation of alpha-ketoglutarate in the heart mitochondria and aminooxyacetate decreases it. Phosphorylative respiration with oxidation of pyruvate and isocitrate is not changed essentially under the action of acetylcholine. Introduction of acetylcholine stimulated most strongly the aminooxyacetate-sensitive portion of respiration, a mixture of aminotransferases in the activation of alpha-ketoglutarate oxidation under effect of acetylcholine. The stimulating action of acetylcholine on alpha-ketoglutarate oxidation is mediated by M- and H-cholinoreceptors, since it is abolished by their blockers: atropine and benzohexonium. Stimulation of alpha-ketoglutarate oxidation by acetylcholine is mostly expressed under introduction of beta-adrenoblocker obsidan which provides prevalence of the parasympathetic nervous system. This stimulation is more intensive in the guinea pig as a more cholinergic animal in comparison with a rat. |
