中国蓼属春蓼组植物果实形态及果皮微形态的研究

应用解剖镜和扫描电镜对中国产蓼属春蓼组（Polygonum sect. Persicaria）19种3变种植物的果实形态和果皮微形态特征进行了观察和研究。结果表明，蓼属春蓼组植物的果实形态为卵形或椭圆状卵形，具三棱、双凹或双凸，顶端渐狭，有喙或无喙；果皮微形态可分为7种类型： 洼点、浅洼点，脑纹状纹饰，拟脑纹状纹饰，网状纹饰，不规则褶皱，不规则小疣状颗粒以及密浅网状纹饰。观察结果支持将绵毛酸模叶蓼（P. lapathifolium L. var. salicifolium Sibth.）合并到酸模叶蓼（P. lapathifolium L.），做为酸模叶蓼的异名处理；支持将长鬃蓼（P. longisetum De Br.）作为丛枝蓼（P. posumbu Buch. Ham. ex D.Don）的变种处理的意见；认为密毛酸模叶蓼（P. lapathifolium L. var. lanatum (Roxb.) Stew.）应恢复种级，圆基长鬃蓼（P. longisetum De Br. var. rotunatum A.J.Li）应升为种级；支持平武蓼（Polygonum pingwuense F. Z. Li et Y. T. Hou et S. J. Fan, sp. nov.）新种的成立。

Fruit shape and pericarp micromorphological characteristics of Polygonum section Persicaria from China

Shape and micromorphological characteristics of fruits in 19 species and 3 varieties of Polygonum sect.Persicaria from China were observed and studied under stereoscope and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results showed that the fruits of.Polygonum section Persicaria are ovoid or elliptic-ovoid,triangulate or biconcave or biconvex;attenuate at apex,with a beak or not.According to micro-morphological characteristics,the achenes can be divided into 7 types: deep or shallow hollows,cerebelloid ornamentation,paracerebroid ornamentation,reticular ornamentation,irregular plications,small verrucose ornamentation,and dense shallow reticular ornamentation.In addation,the evidence of micro-morphological characteristics of fruits supports not only the merge of P.lapathifolium L.var.salicifolium Sibth.to P.lapathifolium L.,treated as synonym of P.lapathifolium L.,but also the view that P.longisetum De Br.is the variety of P.posumbu Buch-Ham.ex D.Don.We also think that(P.lapathifolium) L.var.lanatum(Roxb.) Stew.should be resumed the rank of species.and(P.longisetum) De Br.(var.) rotunatum A.J.Li should be regarded as the rank of speices.The evidences of micro-morphological characteristics of fruits also support the exist of a new species of Polygonum pingwuense F.Z.Li et Y.T.Hou et S.J.Fan,sp.nov.