8种致病真菌在5种材料上的存活时间研究

目的了解实验所用常见致病真菌能否在常用医用原材料上生存及生存时间。方法选择8种常见致病真菌,活化后将它们分别接种在5种常用的医用原材料上,接种后及以后的每24h将接种有真菌的医用材料放入巯基乙酸盐液体培养基中并观察能否生存,记录存活时间。结果红色毛癣菌和须癣毛癣菌在棉布、纸板、铁皮、玻璃表面存活25～28d,在地板胶表面存活14～15d;新生隐球菌在棉布、纸板、铁皮表面存活24～27d,在玻璃和地板胶表面存活14～18d;茄病镰刀菌在上述5种材料上存活22～27d;石膏样小孢子菌在棉布、纸板、铁皮和玻璃表面存活20～27d,在地板胶表面存活8d;申克孢子丝菌在棉布、纸板、玻璃和地板胶表面存活17～24d,在铁皮表面存活10d;白念珠菌在棉布、纸板、铁皮和地板胶表面存活15～20d,在玻璃表面存活4d;犬小孢子菌在棉布、纸板、铁皮、玻璃和地板胶上存活时间分别为10d、9d、3d、2d和1d。结论实验所用各种真菌在医用原材料上都能存活,其时间长短不仅与菌种有关,还与所存在的材料有关。真菌在吸水性强、表面粗糙的材料(棉布、纸板)上的平均存活时间长于在吸水性差、表面光滑的材料(玻璃、铁皮和地板胶)。

Surival study of 8 species of pathogenic fungi on 5 kinds of materials

Objective To study the survival time of common pathogenic fungi on hospital materials.Methods Eight strains collected from patients were individually inoculated on five kinds of common hospital materials after activation.The materials were placed into thioglycolate broth every twenty-four hours and the fungus survival time was then recorded.Results Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes could survive on the surface of the cotton cloth,paper plate,iron plate and glass for 25-28 days,and on the rubber for 14-15 days;Cryptococcus neoformans could survive on the cotton cloth,paper plate and iron plate for 24-28 days,and on glass and rubber for 14-18 days;Fusarium solani could survive on all the materials mentioned above for 22-27 days;Microsporum gypseum could survive on the cotton cloth,paper plate,iron plate and glass for 20-27 days,and on the rubber for 8 days;Sporotrichum schenckii could survive on the cotton cloth,paper plate,glass and rubber for 17-24 days,and on the iron plate for 10 days;Candida albicans could survive on the cotton cloth,paper plate,iron plate and rubber for 15-20 days,and on the glass for 4 days;Microsporum canis could survive on the cotton cloth,paper plate,iron plate,glass and rubber for 10,9,3,2,and 1 day respectively.Conclusions The fungi in this study could survive on each kind of hospital material.The survival time is related not only to the species but also to the materials on which they were inoculated.The average survival time of fungi living on scobinate and hydrating materials （such as cotton and paper plate） is longer than that on smooth surface or materials with little hydration （glass,iron plate,and rubber）.