Low genetic differentiation among populations ofArabis serrata (Brassicaceae) along an altitudinal gradient |
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Authors: | Ken Oyama Motomi Ito Tetsukazu Yahara Mikio Ono |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba 3-8-1, Meguro-ku, 153 Tokyo, Japan;(2) Department of Biology, Chiba University, Yayoi 1-33, 260 Chiba, Japan;(3) Makino Herbarium, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami Oosawa 1-1, Hachioji-shi, 192-03 Tokyo, Japan;(4) Centro de Ecologia, UNAM, Apartado Postal 70-275, 04510 México, D.F. |
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Abstract: | We investigated the extent of genetic differentiation among populations of fujihatazao,Arabis serrata along an altitudinal gradient at Mt. Fuji in Shizuoka Prefecture. This species is a perennial plant, widely distributed in
Japan forming small isolated populations. However, at Mt. Fuji, this species constitutes a large population distributed from
1440 to 2400 m altitude. A total of 411 individuals were sampled from ten subpopulations. Eighteen loci were detected on eleven
enzyme systems. Eleven loci were monomorphic and seven loci were polymorphic with a mean of 2.11 alleles per loci. Nei's genetic
distance (mean 0.01) and genetic identity (mean 0.968) were very similar among populations indicating a low genetic differentiation.
The total genetic diversity (H
T
) estimated for the polymorphic loci was, in average, 0.396. The mean gene differentiation (GST=0.091) was very low. Gene frequency of seven polymorphic loci was analyzed by spatial autocorrelation methods based on Moran's
indexes. Only Pgi-3 exhibited a significant negative autocorrelation (−0.160;P<0.05); other loci values ranged from −0.134 to 0.027. Gene flow estimated by indirect methods varied between genes but most
of the values were high (meanNm=20.8) suggesting that subpopulations at different altitudes are probably connected. Despite plants at different altitudes
present different ecological traits (e.g., differences in phenology, growth and reproductive traits), subpopulations ofA. serrata are still low differentiated, at least for the loci studied. This may be explained by the recent origin of some habitats
(e.g., second crater and surrounded areas) in this locality. |
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Keywords: | Allozyme diversity Altitudinal gradient Arabis serrata Brassicaceae Gene flow Genetic differentiation Mt Fuji |
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