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DESCRIPTION OF A NEW NAVICULOID DIATOM GENUS MORENEIS GEN. NOV. (BACILLARIOPHYCEAE) FROM SAND FLATS IN KOREA1
Authors:Jinsoon Park  Taisuke Ohtsuka  Andrzej Witkowski
Institution:1. School of Earth and Envrionmental Sciences (Oceanography), Seoul National University, Seoul 151‐742, Republic of Korea;2. Biwa Lake Museum, Oroshimo 1091, Kusatsu, Shiga 525‐0001, Japan;3. Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Szczecin, Mickiewicza 18, PL‐70‐383 Szczecin, Poland
Abstract:This article describes a new diatom genus Moreneis from the Yellow Sea sand flats on the west coast of Korea. The new genus is characterized by a unique combination of morphological characteristics, including the shape of the plastids, which have not been previously observed in diatoms. The valve morphology resembles other genera belonging to Lyrellaceae, within which we place this genus. In terms of areolae structure, Moreneis resembles Petroneis and Placoneis; however, it differs from both genera with respect to the raphe system and plastid shape. Cells of Moreneis spp. have a single large plastid appressed to the girdle of the secondary side of the valve, with two lobes extended toward the primary side of the valve. Furthermore, the unique feature of Moreneis frustules is the raphe, which has both external central and apical endings bent in opposite directions. We differentiated four taxa, which we describe as new for science. However, based on our findings, several established species from Navicula should also be formally transferred to Moreneis, including N. alpha Cleve, N. besarensis Giffen, N. epsilon Cleve, N. menaiana Hendey, N. polae Heiden, and N. quadri‐undulata F. Meister. Analysis of published data revealed that species belonging to Moreneis are numerous in tropical marine littoral waters, and in moderate climate zones, especially in the western Pacific, with only a few species occurring in the Mediterranean and Atlantic.
Keywords:Korea  Lyrellaceae  Moreneis  new genus  plastid  raphe  sand flat  Yellow Sea
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