Mesenchymal stromal cells from amniotic fluid are less prone to senescence compared to those obtained from bone marrow: An in vitro study |
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Authors: | Nicola Alessio Caterina Pipino Domitilla Mandatori Pamela Di Tomo Angela Ferone Marco Marchiso Mariarosa A.B. Melone Gianfranco Peluso Assunta Pandolfi Umberto Galderisi |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy;2. Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D’Annunzio University Chieti‐Pescara, Chieti, Italy;3. Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. D’Annunzio University Chieti‐Pescara, Chieti, Italy;4. Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy;5. Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;6. Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources, CNR, Naples, Italy |
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Abstract: | Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are considered to be an excellent source in regenerative medicine. They contain several cell subtypes, including multipotent stem cells. MSCs are of particular interest as they are currently being tested using cell and gene therapies for a number of human diseases. They represent a rare population in tissues; for this reason, they require, before being transplanted, an in vitro amplification. This process may induce replicative senescence, thus affecting differentiation and proliferative capacities. Increasing evidence suggests that MSCs from fetal tissues are significantly more plastic and grow faster than MSCs from bone marrow. Here, we compare amniotic fluid mesenchymal stromal cells (AF‐MSCs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM‐MSCs) in terms of cell proliferation, surface markers, multidifferentiation potential, senescence, and DNA repair capacity. Our study shows that AF‐MSCs are less prone to senescence with respect to BM‐MSCs. Moreover, both cell models activate the same repair system after DNA damage, but AF‐MSCs are able to return to the basal condition more efficiently with respect to BM‐MSCs. Indeed, AF‐MSCs are better able to cope with genotoxic stress that may occur either during in vitro cultivation or following transplantation in patients. Our findings suggest that AF‐MSCs may represent a valid alternative to BM‐MSCs in regenerative medicine, and, of great relevance, the investigation of the mechanisms involved in DNA repair capacity of both AF‐MSCs and BM‐MSCs may pave the way to their rational use in the medical field. |
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Keywords: | amniotic fluid bone marrow (BM) DNA repair mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) senescence |
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