Antarctic strict anaerobic microbiota from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Deschampsia antarctica</Emphasis> vascular plants rhizosphere reveals high ecology and biotechnology relevance |
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Authors: | Rafael José Marques Peixoto Karla Rodrigues Miranda Leandro Araujo Lobo Alessandra Granato Pedro de Carvalho Maalouf Hugo Emiliano de Jesus Caio T C C Rachid Saulo Roni Moraes Henrique Fragoso dos Santos Raquel Silva Peixoto Alexandre Soares Rosado Regina Maria Cavalcanti Pilotto Domingues |
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Institution: | 1.Laboratório de Biologia dos Anaeróbios, Departamento de Microbiologia Médica, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes,Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil;2.Laboratório Integrado de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes,Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil;3.International College,Beirut,Lebanon;4.Laboratório de Ecologia Microbiana Molecular, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes,Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil;5.Universidade Severino Sombra,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil;6.Universidade Veiga de Almeida,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil |
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Abstract: | The Antarctic soil microbial community has a crucial role in the growth and stabilization of higher organisms, such as vascular plants. Analysis of the soil microbiota composition in that extreme environmental condition is crucial to understand the ecological importance and biotechnological potential. We evaluated the efficiency of isolation and abundance of strict anaerobes in the vascular plant Deschampsia antarctica rhizosphere collected in the Antarctic’s Admiralty Bay and associated biodiversity to metabolic perspective and enzymatic activity. Using anaerobic cultivation methods, we identified and isolated a range of microbial taxa whose abundance was associated with Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) and presences were exclusively endemic to the Antarctic continent. Firmicutes was the most abundant phylum (73 %), with the genus Clostridium found as the most isolated taxa. Here, we describe two soil treatments (oxygen gradient and heat shock) and 27 physicochemical culture conditions were able to increase the diversity of anaerobic bacteria isolates. Heat shock treatment allowed to isolate a high percentage of new species (63.63 %), as well as isolation of species with high enzymatic activity (80.77 %), which would have potential industry application. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the role of anaerobic microbes regarding ecology, evolutionary, and biotechnological features essential to the Antarctic ecosystem. |
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