报春花属植物的育种研究进展

本文对报春花属植物引种的历史和现状、育种途径和育种成果进行了综述。报春花属是报春花科最大的属, 全世界约500余种, 我国有296种。国外在杂交育种、多倍体育种、组织培养和体细胞融合等方面取得了许多研究成果, 而国内有关报春花属植物育种的研究相对较少。目前通过杂交育种或多倍体育种等手段已培育出众多花色丰富、花型各异或不含报春碱的报春花新品种。今后我国应在保护种质资源的基础上, 加强报春花新品种的培育, 并尽快实现产业化生产。

Advances in the Studies of Breeding Primula

The methods and achievements of primula breeding are reviewed. Primula is the largest genera in the Primulaceae, with about 500 species widely distributed in the world. The main methods employed in breeding primulas are intraspecific crossing and polyploid induction. Great achievements have been achieved in flower color, shape and primin-free primulas; several breeding programs in Europe, Japan and United States have contributed numerous primula cultivars and series. Contrary to this situation, China has no cultivars, although approximately 296 wild species are distributed in China. Further work should be undertaken to protect our primula resources, breed new cultivars and realize primula industrialization.