Cutting edge: Compartmentalization of Th1-like noninvariant CD1d-reactive T cells in hepatitis C virus-infected liver |
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Authors: | Exley Mark A He Qi Cheng Olivia Wang Ruo-Jie Cheney Catherine P Balk Steven P Koziel Margaret J |
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Affiliation: | Cancer Biology Program, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel-Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. mexley@bidmc.harvard.edu |
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Abstract: | Murine intrahepatic lymphocytes (IHL) are dominated by invariant TCR alpha-chain expressing CD1d-reactive NKT cells, which can cause model hepatitis. Invariant NKT (CD56(+/-)CD161(+)) and recently identified noninvariant CD1d-reactive T cells rapidly produce large amounts of IL-4 and/or IFN-gamma and can regulate Th1/Th2 responses. Human liver contains large numbers of CD56(+) NKT cells but few invariant NKT. Compared with matched peripheral blood T cell lines, primary IHL lines from patients with chronic hepatitis C had high levels of CD161 and CD1d reactivity, but the invariant TCR was rare. CD1d-reactive IHL were strikingly Th1 biased. IHL also demonstrated CD1d-specific cytotoxic activity. Hepatocytes and other liver cells express CD1d. These results identify a novel population of human T cells that could contribute to destructive as well as protective immune responses in the liver. CD1d-reactive T cells may have distinct roles in different tissues. |
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