NKG2D and its ligands |
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| Authors: | Peyman Obeidy Alexandra F. Sharland |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Giannina Gaslini Institute, L.go Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147 Genova, Italy;2. Department of Experimental Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Via L.B. Alberti 2, 16132 Genova, Italy;3. IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST (National Institute for Cancer Research), L.go R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy;1. Biomedical Sciences Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;2. The Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;3. Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Sciences, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;4. Department of Physiology, and Exercise and Sport Sciences Research and Development Group, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;1. Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, St. John?s University, Tamsui, New-Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC;2. Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Chang-Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC;1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang-Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan 33302, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC;2. Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, St. John''s University, Tamsui, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC |
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| Abstract: | NKG2D is an activating immunoreceptor, first recognized on NK cells but subsequently found on γδ T cells, CD8+ αβ T cells and macrophages. In NK cells, inhibitory signals are generally dominate over activating signals. However, activating signals mediated through engagement of NKG2D by its ligands on target cells can bypass signals transmitted through inhibitory NK receptors, allowing NKG2D to function as a “master-switch” in determining the activation status of NK cells. NKG2D is important for T cell and NK cell-mediated immunity to viruses and tumours, and has roles in autoimmune disease, allogeneic transplantation, and xenotransplantation. Depending upon the situation, development of strategies to either block or to enhance the interactions between NKG2D and its ligands may have important implications for human health and disease. |
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