FISH identification of Helicoverpa armigera and Mamestra brassicae chromosomes by BAC and fosmid probes |
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| Authors: | Ken Sahara Atsuo Yoshido Fukashi Shibata Noriko Fujikawa-Kojima Takuya Okabe Makiko Tanaka-Okuyama Yuji Yasukochi |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8, Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Japan;2. Laboratory of Applied Molecular Entomology, Research Institute of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, N9, W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan;3. Research Institute for Bioresources, Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan;4. Insect Genome Research Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan;3. Transgenic Silkworm Research Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan;4. Insect Genome Research Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan;5. Insect Growth Regulation Research Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan;6. Laboratory of Insect Genetic Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan;1. State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests/Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China;2. State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China;1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, 141 Chalmers Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;2. Department of Entomology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456, USA;3. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;4. Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China;2. Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, China |
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| Abstract: | Since the Bombyx mori genome sequence was published, conserved synteny between B. mori and some other lepidopteran species has been revealed by either FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) with BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome) probes or linkage analysis. However, no species belonging to the Noctuidae, the largest lepidopteran family which includes serious polyphagous pests, has been analyzed so far with respect to genome-wide conserved synteny and gene order. For that purpose, we selected the noctuid species Helicoverpa armigera and Mamestra brassicae, both with n = 31 chromosomes. Gene-defined fosmid clones from M. brassicae and BAC clones from a closely related species of H. armigera, Heliothis virescens, were used for a FISH analysis on pachytene chromosomes. We recognized all H. armigera chromosomes from specific cross-hybridization signals of 146 BAC probes. With 100 fosmid clones we identified and characterized all 31 bivalents of M. brassicae. Synteny and gene order were well conserved between the two noctuid species. The comparison with the model species B. mori (n = 28) showed the same phenomenon for 25 of the 28 chromosomes. Three chromosomes (#11, #23 and #24) had two counterparts each in H. armigera and M. brassicae. Since n = 31 is the modal chromosome number in Lepidoptera, the noctuid chromosomes probably represent an ancestral genome organization of Lepidoptera. This is the first identification of a full karyotype in Lepidoptera by means of BAC cross-hybridization between species. The technique shows the potential to expand the range of analyzed species efficiently. |
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| Keywords: | BAC-FISH Insect Gene mapping Lepidoptera Pachytene bivalents |
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