Aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 converts farnesal into farnesoic acid in the corpora allata of mosquitoes |
| |
Authors: | Crisalejandra Rivera-Perez Marcela Nouzova Mark E Clifton Elena Martin Garcia Elizabeth LeBlanc Fernando G Noriega |
| |
Institution: | 1. Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Institute of Biology I (Zoology), University of Freiburg, Hauptstrasse 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany;2. Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, Westfalian Wilhelms University, Hüfferstrasse 1, D-48149 Münster, Germany;1. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80445, USA;2. Department of Clinical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80445, USA;3. Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80445, USA;4. Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80445, USA |
| |
Abstract: | The juvenile hormones (JHs) play a central role in insect reproduction, development and behavior. Interrupting JH biosynthesis has long been considered a promising strategy for the development of target-specific insecticides. Using a combination of RNAi, in vivo and in vitro studies we characterized the last unknown biosynthetic enzyme of the JH pathway, a fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (AaALDH3) that oxidizes farnesal into farnesoic acid (FA) in the corpora allata (CA) of mosquitoes. The AaALDH3 is structurally and functionally a NAD+-dependent class 3 ALDH showing tissue- and developmental-stage-specific splice variants. Members of the ALDH3 family play critical roles in the development of cancer and Sjögren–Larsson syndrome in humans, but have not been studies in groups other than mammals. Using a newly developed assay utilizing fluorescent tags, we demonstrated that AaALDH3 activity, as well as the concentrations of farnesol, farnesal and FA were different in CA of sugar and blood-fed females. In CA of blood-fed females the low catalytic activity of AaALDH3 limited the flux of precursors and caused a remarkable increase in the pool of farnesal with a decrease in FA and JH synthesis. The accumulation of the potentially toxic farnesal stimulated the activity of a reductase that converted farnesal back into farnesol, resulting in farnesol leaking out of the CA. Our studies indicated AaALDH3 plays a key role in the regulation of JH synthesis in blood-fed females and mosquitoes seem to have developed a “trade-off” system to balance the key role of farnesal as a JH precursor with its potential toxicity. |
| |
Keywords: | Mosquito Juvenile hormone Aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 RNAi Aldo-keto reductase Farnesal |
本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录! |
|