Structures and biological activities of three synaptic antagonists from orb weaver spider venom |
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| Authors: | M E Adams R L Carney F E Enderlin E T Fu M A Jarema J P Li C A Miller D A Schooley M J Shapiro V J Venema |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside 92521. |
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| Abstract: | The venom of Argiope aurantia, an orb weaver spider, contains a mixture of low molecular weight "argiotoxins", which block neuromuscular transmission in insects. Complete structure elucidation of three argiotoxins reveals common features; a hydrophilic, basic domain of arginine, a polyamine and asparagine is connected to an aromatic moiety contributed either by 4-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid or 2,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid. Structural assignments of two argiotoxins are verified by chemical synthesis. The argiotoxins cause reversible paralysis when injected into insects and this is correlated with a stimulus-dependent inhibition of skeletal neuromuscular transmission at submicromolar concentrations. |
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