Behavioral responses of hatchling painted turtles (Chrysemys picta) and snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina) at subzero temperatures |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, 589 D.W. Brooks Drive, Wildlife Health Building, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;2. Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, 2000 Quail Dr., Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA;3. Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California – Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA;4. Wildlife Investigations Laboratory, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, 1701 Nimbus Road, Suite D, Rancho Cordova, CA 95670, USA;5. California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, University of California – Davis, 620 W. Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616-5270, USA;6. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, 180 E Green Street, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;1. Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;2. Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Ecological Physiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, akad. Pavlov str., 12, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;1. CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;2. ACCSTR - Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research, University of Florida, PO Box 118525, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;3. MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal |
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| Abstract: | We monitored behavioral responses of cold-acclimated hatchling painted turtles (Chrysemys picta) indigenous to Nebraska and hatchling snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina) indigenous to Nebraska and Arkansas during cooling (0.1°C/min) to temperatures as low as −19°C. All turtles made exploratory movements during cooling and locomotion occurred at temperatures as low as −2 to −4°C, but C. picta maintained relatively higher levels of locomotor activity than C. serpentina, and no differences in motility occurred between northern and southern groups of C. serpentina. Slow movements of the head and limbs were observed in supercooled hatchling C. picta at temperatures as low as −10°C, whereas at about −5°C, C. serpentina exhibited an increase in spontaneous motor activity followed by muscle contracture, immobility, and spontaneous freezing. C. picta spontaneously froze at about −16°C without exhibiting cold contracture, suggesting that they are better adapted to survive exposure to extreme cold. |
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