Diagnosis of early pregnancy by ultrasound in Macaca fascicularis

Real-time ultrasonography was used to detect early pregnancy in 32 longtailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). In 92% of the successful conceptions, a correct diagnosis was made. The earliest sign of pregnancy was an intrauterine ringlike structure (11 days). A "line swelling" (14 days) preceded definite fetal echoes (21 days), and fetal heart motion (30 days) proved fetal viability. Ultrasound is a rapid, noninvasive, and relatively cost-effective method of diagnosing and monitoring early pregnancy in M. fascicularis.