MSCT-3D技术在动物与人骨骼形态比较研究中的应用

目的应用MSCT-3D显示技术比较正常贵州香猪、Marshall比格犬、恒河猴与人上肢带骨及躯干骨的形态学差异。方法采用MSCT分别对贵州香猪、比格犬和恒河猴进行CT全身扫描并进行图像重建,观察其上肢带骨、躯干骨形态结构与人的异同。结果比格犬、恒河猴、贵州香猪脊椎骨和肋的基本组成与人相同,脊椎骨由椎体和附件组成,肋骨包括真肋、假肋和浮肋。而脊柱曲度、各段椎骨数目、胸骨结构、肋的数目、胸肋连接、上肢带骨的组成与人不同,恒河猴的脊柱曲度和上肢带骨连接与人相同,有颈、胸、腰、骶四个生理性弯曲并由锁骨和肩胛骨共同连接自由上肢骨,比格犬和贵州香猪只有颈、胸腰、骶三个生理性弯曲,仅由肩胛骨连接自由上肢骨。结论恒河猴躯干骨和上肢带骨与人有良好的相似性,而比格犬和贵州香猪与人差别较大。MSCT-3D技术为实验动物形态学比较研究提供了一种相对无创、快速、可以在体研究并动态连续观察的科学有效方法。

Morphological Comparison of Skeletal System of Animals and Humans by MSCT-3D Technique

Objective To compare the morphology of shoulder girdle and trunk bones of swine,canine,simian and human being by multi-slice computed tomography（MSCT）.Methods MSCT scan was performed on swine,canine,simian and humans.The original images were reconstructed orthogonally,and to compare the curvature of the spine,structure and components of the vertebra,sternum,ribs and shoulder girdle.Results The basic components of the vertebra and ribs of swine, canine and simian were the same as in human being.The spine curvature,the number of vertebrae and ribs,structure of sternum and connection of chest and ribs,and the composition of shoulder girdle in the animals were different with those in humans.The simian spine curvature and shoulder girdle were the same as that of human being.It had cervical,thoracic,lumbar and sacral curvature,and the shoulder girdle was composed of scapula and clavicle.However,swine and canine had cervical, thoracic lumbar and sacral curvature,and the shoulder girdle was composed of scapula only.Conclusion The morphology of trunk bones and shoulder girdle in rhesus monkey is similar with that of humans,but there is a great difference between Guizhou xiang pig,Beagle dogs and human being.MSCT provides a relatively non-invasive,rapid,dynamic and continuous observation method in vivo.