徐州市云龙湖大型底栖动物群落演变及环境影响因子分析

【目的】了解江苏省徐州市云龙湖大型底栖动物的群落结构及其环境影响因子,可以为保护云龙湖水生态环境提供依据。【方法】于2013—2017年对云龙湖大型底栖动物和水环境因子进行了调查。利用1/16 m2彼得逊采泥器采集大型底栖动物样品,同时利用有机玻璃采水器采集水样,每年的5月和10月各采样一次,共采样10次。利用3种群落多样性指数(Shannon-Wiener指数、Margalef物种丰富度指数、Pielou均匀度指数)评价云龙湖大型底栖动物的群落结构,选择ShannonWiener指数进行水质评价,并应用典型相关分析(CCA)得出大型底栖动物与环境因子之间的关系。【结果】云龙湖大型底栖动物群落结构简单,物种较少,3种群落多样性指数年际波动不大。云龙湖水质多年处于轻污染到中污染水平之间。优势物种中水丝蚓属的主要影响因子是总氮浓度,摇蚊幼虫的主要影响因子为高锰酸盐指数。【结论】云龙湖的水体有富营养化风险,应对云龙湖大型底栖动物的保护和水质改善给予足够重视。

Analysis on macrobenthic community structure and environmental determinants of Yunlong Lake in Xuzhou City, China

Aim] The study on the macrobenthic community structure and its related environmental determinants of Yunlong Lake in Xuzhou City can provide a basis for local water quality protection.Method] This investigation was carried out in Yunlong Lake from 2013 to 2017.The macrobenthic samples were collected by using 1/16 m² Peterson mud collector and the water samples were collected by using the plexiglass water collector in May and October each year with a total of 10 times. Three diversity indexes (Shannon-Wiener index, Margalef species richness index and Pielou evenness index) were used to evaluate the community structure, the Shannon-Wiener index was chose to have a biological assessment of water quality, and CCA (canonical correlation analysis) was applied to analyze the relationship between macrobenthos and environmental factors.Result] The macrobenthic community structure was uncomplicated due to its low species richness. There was no obvious inter-annual variation in the diversity indices. Water quality was classified as influenced by slight-to-medium pollution. In addition, total nitrogen concentration was the most important influencing factor on Limnodritus sp., while permanganate index (COD_Mn) had major effects on chironomid larvae.Conclusion] The water in Yunlong Lake displayed a risk of eutrophication. Therefore, much more attention should be paid to macrobenthos protection and water quality improvement of the lake.