Pollination by fungus gnats (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) and self-recognition sites in Tolmiea menziesii (Saxifragaceae) |
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Authors: | P Goldblatt P Bernhardt P Vogan J C Manning |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA;(2) Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA;(3) Department of Botany, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA |
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Abstract: | Coleeae (Bignoniaceae) are a tribe almost entirely restricted to Madagascar. Coleeae have previously been placed in neotropical Crescentieae due to species with indehiscent fruits, a character otherwise unusual in Bignoniaceae. A phylogeny based on three chloroplast regions (ndhF, trnT-L spacer, trnL-F spacer) identifies a monophyletic Coleeae that is endemic to Madagascar and surrounding islands of the Indian Ocean (Seychelles, Comores and Mascarenes). African Kigelia is not a member of Coleeae, rather it is more closely related to a subset of African and Southeast Asian species of Tecomeae. The molecular phylogeny indicates that indehiscent fruit have arisen repeatedly in Bignoniaceae: in Coleeae, Kigelia and Crescentieae. The characteristic fleshy fruits of species of Coleeae likely arose autochthonously in Madagascar. Within Coleeae Colea and Ophiocolea are sisters, Phyllarthron is sister to Colea + Ophiocolea, and Rhodocolea is sister to the rest of the tribe. |
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Keywords: | Bignoniaceae biogeography Coleeae Crescentieae fruit evolution Kigelia Madagascar ndhF phylogenetics trnT-L spacer trnL-F spacer |
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