Quantitative genetic approach for assessing invasiveness: geographic and genetic variation in life-history traits |
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Authors: | Sanna Boman Alessandro Grapputo Leena Lindström Anne Lyytinen Johanna Mappes |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyv?skyl?, P.O. Box 35, 40014, Jyv?skyl?, Finland 2. Dipartmento di Biologia, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, Padova, 35121, Italy
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Abstract: | Predicting the spread of invasive species is a challenge for modern ecology. Although many invasive species undergo genetic
bottlenecks during introduction to new areas resulting in a loss of genetic diversity, successful invaders manage to flourish
in novel environments either because of pre-adaptations or because important traits contain adaptive variation enabling rapid
adaptation to changing conditions. To predict and understand invasion success, it is crucial to analyse these features. We
assessed the potential of a well-known invader, the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), to expand north of its current range in Europe. A short growing season and harsh overwintering conditions are apparent
limiting factors for this species’ range. By rearing full-sib families from four geographically distinct populations (Russia,
Estonia, Poland, Italy) at two fluctuating temperature regimes, we investigated (a) possible differences in survival, development
time, and body size among populations and (b) the amount of adaptive variation within populations in these traits. All populations
were able to complete their development in cooler conditions than in their current range. A significant genotype–environment
interaction for development time and body size suggests the presence of adaptive genetic variation, indicating potential to
adapt to cooler conditions. The northernmost population had the highest survival rates and fastest development times on both
temperature regimes, suggesting pre-adaptation to cooler temperatures. Other populations had minor differences in development
times. Interestingly, this species lacks the classical trade-off between body size and development time which could have contributed
to its invasion potential. This study demonstrates the importance of considering both ecological and evolutionary aspects
when assessing invasion risk. |
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Keywords: | Adaptation Additive genetic variation Geographical variation Invasive species |
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