False phylogenies on wood mice due to cryptic cytochrome-b pseudogene |
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| Authors: | Sylvain Dubey Johan Michaux Harald Brünner Rainer Hutterer Peter Vogel |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;2. Unité de Recherches Zoogéographiques, Institut de Zoologie, Quai Van Beneden, 22, 4020 Liège, Belgium;3. Hohenwettersbacher Strasse 10, D-76228 Karlsruhe, Germany;4. Section of Mammals, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D-53113 Bonn, Germany;5. Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland;1. Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering – IFIN HH, 30 Reactorului St., P.O. Box MG-6, Magurele, Bucharest, Romania;2. Cell Physiology and Pharmacology Department, University of Leicester, Maurice Shock Building, University Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK;1. Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Apdo. 13, 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain;2. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Facultat de Biociències, Departament de Biologia Animal, de Biologia Vegetal i d’Ecologia, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain;1. Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda St. 51/55, PL-00818 Warszawa, Poland;2. Department of Palaeozoology, Zoological Institute, University of Wroc?aw, Sienkiewicza 21, 50-335 Wroc?aw, Poland;1. Parc Natural de la Serra de Collserola, ctra. de l’Església 92, 08017 Barcelona, Spain;2. Department of Biogeography and Global Change (BGC-MNCN), Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), c/Serrano 115 bis, E-28006 Madrid, Spain;3. Museu de Ciències Naturals de Granollers (MCNG), 08402 Granollers, Barcelona, Spain |
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| Abstract: | The phylogeny and phylogeography of the Old World wood mice (subgenus Sylvaemus, genus Apodemus, Muridae) are well-documented. Nevertheless, the distributions of species, such as A. fulvipectus and A. ponticus remain dubious, as well as their phylogenetic relationships with A. sylvaticus. We analysed samples of Apodemus spp. across Europe using the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene (cyt-b) and compared the DNA and amino-acid compositions of previously published sequences. The main result stemming from this study is the presence of a well-differentiated lineage of Sylvaemus including samples of various species (A. sylvaticus, A. fulvipectus, A. ponticus) from distant locations, which were revealed to be nuclear copies of the mitochondrial cyt-b. The presence of this cryptic pseudogene in published sequences is supported by different pathways. This has led to important errors in previous molecular trees and hence to partial misinterpretations in the phylogeny of Apodemus. |
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| Keywords: | Cytochrome b gene Pseudogene Apodemus Phylogeography Phylogeny |
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