Effect of tissue-harvesting site on yield of stem cells derived from adipose tissue: implications for cell-based therapies |
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Authors: | Wouter J F M Jurgens Maikel J Oedayrajsingh-Varma Marco N Helder Behrouz ZandiehDoulabi Tabitha E Schouten Dirk J Kuik Marco J P F Ritt Florine J van Milligen |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Hand Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;(2) Department of Orthopedic Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;(3) Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;(4) Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of adipose tissue contains an abundant population of multipotent adipose-tissue-derived
stem cells (ASCs) that possess the capacity to differentiate into cells of the mesodermal lineage in vitro. For cell-based
therapies, an advantageous approach would be to harvest these SVF cells and give them back to the patient within a single
surgical procedure, thereby avoiding lengthy and costly in vitro culturing steps. However, this requires SVF-isolates to contain
sufficient ASCs capable of differentiating into the desired cell lineage. We have investigated whether the yield and function
of ASCs are affected by the anatomical sites most frequently used for harvesting adipose tissue: the abdomen and hip/thigh
region. The frequency of ASCs in the SVF of adipose tissue from the abdomen and hip/thigh region was determined in limiting
dilution and colony-forming unit (CFU) assays. The capacity of these ASCs to differentiate into the chondrogenic and osteogenic
pathways was investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and (immuno)histochemistry. A significant difference
(P = 0.0009) was seen in ASC frequency but not in the absolute number of nucleated cells between adipose tissue harvested from
the abdomen (5.1 ± 1.1%, mean ± SEM) and hip/thigh region (1.2 ± 0.7%). However, within the CFUs derived from both tissues,
the frequency of CFUs having osteogenic differentiation potential was the same. When cultured, homogeneous cell populations
were obtained with similar growth kinetics and phenotype. No differences were detected in differentiation capacity between
ASCs from both tissue-harvesting sites. We conclude that the yield of ASCs, but not the total amount of nucleated cells per
volume or the ASC proliferation and differentiation capacities, are dependent on the tissue-harvesting site. The abdomen seems
to be preferable to the hip/thigh region for harvesting adipose tissue, in particular when considering SVF cells for stem-cell-based
therapies in one-step surgical procedures for skeletal tissue engineering. |
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Keywords: | Adipose-tissue-derived stem cells Chondrogenic differentiation Osteogenic differentiation Colony-forming unit assay Stem-cell yield Tissue-harvesting site Human |
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