Physiological basis and image processing in functional magnetic resonance imaging: Neuronal and motor activity in brain |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Rakesh?SharmaEmail author Avdhesh?Sharma |
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Institution: | (1) Departments of Medicine and Radiology, Columbia University, 10032 New York, NY, U.S.A;(2) Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, 110016 New Delhi, India;(3) Department of Electrical Engineering, Jai Narain Vyas University, 342001 Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India |
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Abstract: | Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is recently developing as imaging modality used for mapping hemodynamics of neuronal
and motor event related tissue blood oxygen level dependence (BOLD) in terms of brain activation. Image processing is performed
by segmentation and registration methods. Segmentation algorithms provide brain surface-based analysis, automated anatomical
labeling of cortical fields in magnetic resonance data sets based on oxygen metabolic state. Registration algorithms provide
geometric features using two or more imaging modalities to assure clinically useful neuronal and motor information of brain
activation. This review article summarizes the physiological basis of fMRI signal, its origin, contrast enhancement, physical
factors, anatomical labeling by segmentation, registration approaches with examples of visual and motor activity in brain.
Latest developments are reviewed for clinical applications of fMRI along with other different neurophysiological and imaging
modalities. |
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Keywords: | |
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