提高微生物可培养性的方法和措施

目前自然界中只有极少部分微生物能够得到培养,严重阻碍了对微生物生命活动规律的研究和微生物资源的开发。改进传统培养方法,采用新型培养技术,提高微生物可培养性,大量培养自然界中存在的微生物,从而更全面、准确地了解微生物细胞的生命规律、获悉微生物群落中各种微生物之间的动态相互作用和相互协调的规律,对环境微生物工艺进行准确地设计、精细地调控和高效地利用。简要介绍了微生物不可培养的原因,系统总结了有关提高微生物可培养性方法的最新研究进展,提出研究中存在的问题,并阐述了模拟自然环境条件、强调微生物相互关系是提高微生物可培养性的关键。

Approaches for increasing the culturability of microorganisms

Only a tiny amount of microorganisms on the earth can be cultured so far,which seriously obstructs the investigation into principles of microbial activities and exploiting microbial resources.To improve the culturing methods and to develop novel culturing techniques is therefore very important to increase the culturabilty of microorganisms and to isolate more uncultured microorganisms,which is of crucial importance to research principles of microbial life,to understand the interaction between microbial cells for correctly designing, applying and manipulating environmental microbial processes.This review systematically summarized the causes for microorganisms' unculturability and recent work on the approaches to increase the culturability of microorganisms.To mimic natural environment(physically,chemically and biologically) and to introduce microbial interactions into culture medium as many as possible is suggested to be of key importance to increase culturability of microorganisms.