春播小麦品质与生育进程和气候条件的关系

1998～2000年，用10个小麦品种在北京进行了3个年度的春播试验，以探讨生育进程和气候条件对品质的影响．结果表明，一些品质性状的品种间差异不显著，而年度间差异显著．播种．成熟天数和籽粒硬度呈极显著负相关．抽穗-成熟天数与籽粒湿面筋含量也呈极显著负相关．抽穗．成熟期间的昼夜温差与籽粒NIR蛋白含量呈显著负相关；总辐射量、昼夜温差与湿面筋含量呈极显著负相关，总日照与湿面筋含量呈极显著正相关；总辐射量、总日照、日均温、昼夜温差与沉降值呈显著负相关．在春播小麦优质栽培中，根据不同需要，既可使用生育期较短的品种，也可使用生育期较长的品种．种植生育期较长的品种时，可与间作、套种结合起来．

Effects of growing process and climatic conditions on grain quality of spring-sown wheat

In the period of 1998-2000, 10 wheat varieties were used to study the effects of growth, development process and climatic conditions on the quality of wheat grains through spring sowing experiments in Beijing. The results showed that there were no significant variations on the quality traits among the varieties while there were significant variations among different years. The most significant negative correlation had been shown between the days from sowing to ripening and hardness of the grains and between the days from heading to ripening and the content of wet gluten of the grains. There was a significant negative correlation between day-night temperature difference during the period from heading to ripening and content of NIR protein. The results also showed that there was most significant negative correlation between total radiation, day-night temperature difference and the content of wet gluten of the grains. There was significant positive correlation between total sunlight and the content of wet gluten of the grains. The significant negative correlation was present between sedimentation value and total radiation, total sunlight, average temperature of daytime, day-night temperature difference.