Life history ofSmicronyx guineanus andSm. Umbrinus (Col.: Curculionidae) onStriga hermonthica (Scrophulariaceae) |
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| Authors: | D. Traoré C. Vincent R. K. Stewart |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Institut d'études et de Recherches Agricoles (IN.E.R.A.), Ouagadougou 03, 03 B.P. 7192, Burkina Faso, West Africa;(2) Present address: Programme Coton, INERA, Bobo-Dioulasso, B.P. 208, Burkina Faso;(3) Centre de Recherche et de Dévoloppement en Horticulture, Agriculture et Agro-Alimentaire Canada, 430 Boul. Gouin, J3B 3E6 Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Québec, Canada;(4) Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Macdonald Campus of McGill University, 21, 111 Lakeshore Road, H9X 3V9 Ste-Anne-de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada |
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| Abstract: | The life history ofSmicronyx guineanus andSm. umbrinus, weevils attackingStriga hermonthica, was studied in Burkina Faso, West Africa. Field experiments were conducted in 1992 and 1993 at Kaya, in fields of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench and pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) K. Schum. (syn.P. typhoides (Burm.) Stapf &; Hubb). The weevils are univoltine; the adults emerge in late August, mate and eggs are laid in the ovary ofStriga inflorescence. Larval feeding in the ovary causes galling and prevents seed production. The main damage toStriga seed capsule is caused by the larvae of at least twoSmicronyx species. Last-instar larvae drop to the soil and bury themselves to a depth of 1–15 cm, pupate and enter into dormancy. Most pupae are found in the upper 5–10 cm of the soil. The pupal period lasts from late October to late July. In May, we found 75.6% of pupae against 24.4% of adults in dormancy. |
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| Keywords: | Smicronyx guineanus Smicronyx umbrinus Striga hermonthica life history biological control Burkina Faso |
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