Crystal structures of N-acetylmannosamine kinase provide insights into enzyme activity and inhibition |
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Authors: | Martinez Jacobo Nguyen Long Duc Hinderlich Stephan Zimmer Reinhold Tauberger Eva Reutter Werner Saenger Wolfram Fan Hua Moniot Sébastien |
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Institution: | From the Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Kristallographie, Freie Universit?t Berlin, Takustrasse 6, 14195 Berlin. |
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Abstract: | Sialic acids are essential components of membrane glycoconjugates. They are responsible for the interaction, structure, and functionality of all deuterostome cells and have major functions in cellular processes in health and diseases. The key enzyme of the biosynthesis of sialic acid is the bifunctional UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase that transforms UDP-N-acetylglucosamine to N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) followed by its phosphorylation to ManNAc 6-phosphate and has a direct impact on the sialylation of cell surface components. Here, we present the crystal structures of the human N-acetylmannosamine kinase (MNK) domain of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase in complexes with ManNAc at 1.64 Å resolution, MNK·ManNAc·ADP (1.82 Å) and MNK·ManNAc 6-phosphate·ADP (2.10 Å). Our findings offer detailed insights in the active center of MNK and serve as a structural basis to design inhibitors. We synthesized a novel inhibitor, 6-O-acetyl-ManNAc, which is more potent than those previously tested. Specific inhibitors of sialic acid biosynthesis may serve to further study biological functions of sialic acid. |
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Keywords: | Glycobiology Glycoconjugate Glycoprotein Biosynthesis Hexokinase Sialic Acid Structural Biology Cell Surface GNE N-Acetylmannosamine |
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