A human milk factor susceptible to cathepsin D inhibitors enhances human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infectivity and allows virus entry into a mammary epithelial cell line |
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Authors: | El Messaoudi K Thiry L F Liesnard C Van Tieghem N Bollen A Moguilevsky N |
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Institution: | Department of Applied Genetics, Faculty of Science, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. Kelmessa@sga.ulb.ac.be |
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Abstract: | Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) growth in lymphocyte cultures was increased when the virus inoculum was incubated in breast milk. The enhancing effect of milk was abolished by anti-cathepsin D antibody or by pepstatin A, a cathepsin D inhibitor. The cathepsin D-producing CD4-negative MCF7 mammary cells supported the growth of some HIV-1 isolates. An MCF7 line chronically producing HIV-1 IIIb was obtained. Cathepsin D may induce conformational modification of viral gp120, allowing direct interaction with a coreceptor. We demonstrated the presence of CXCR4 mRNA in MCF7 cells. |
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